Tools and processes are used by software engineers to generate solutions for clients based on their requirements.

There are many different algorithms available for encrypting data, each with different strengths and weaknesses.

An Australian aerospace startup is developing software to control its rockets from launch on earth to space and to landing on other moons and planets.

Each rocket must have:

• A rocket ID e.g. R20.
• Launch site e.g. “Broome”.
• Provider ID which identifies the company that made the payload e.g. P01.
• The dry mass of the rocket, e.g. 2500kg.
• The wet mass of the rocket, e.g. 5250.50kg.
• Target orbit, which describes the orbit the payload is to enter.
• A release() command which will open up the payload doors and unclamp the satellite from the cargo bay.

In addition, each satellite must have:

• Satellite purpose, which describes the mission of the satellite.
• Satellite targets, which describes what countries, regions or areas of the Earth or other planets or moons are to be monitored by the satellite.
• A signal() command, which is used to establish and maintain communications control with the provider as indicated by the Provider ID.

A local music store is using a database table called Albums.

Consider the following algorithm:

BEGIN checkLogin (username, password)
   IF username <> "" OR password <> "" THEN
       PRINT "Username or password empty."
       RETURN False
   ENDIF
   
   length = 8
   symbol = ['#', '$', '!', '^', '&', '[',']']
   symbol_present = False
   
   j = 1
   
   IF length of username < length OR
   length of password < length THEN
       PRINT "Username or password is not long enough."
       RETURN False
   ENDIF
   
   IF LEFT(username, 1) is character AND
   LEFT(password, 1) is character THEN
       WHILE symbol_present = False
           IF LEFT(username, j) = Symbol[j] THEN
               Symbol_present = True
           ELSE IF LEFT(password, j) = Symbol[j]
               Symbol_present = True
           ELSE
               Symbol_present = False
           ENDIF
           j = j + 1
       ENDWHILE
   ELSE
       PRINT "No symbol present in the username or password."
       RETURN False
   ENDIF
END checkLogin

Click Shoe Warehouse is an online store for Australian-made shoes.

They want to know which of their shoe sizes and styles sell the best in each season.

They have prepared a spreadsheet with 10 years of monthly sales history, organised by style and size.

An online service wants to reduce the changes of user accounts being compromised by dictionary attacks. In this type of attack, an attacker uses a pre-defined list (often referred to as a “dictionary”) of words, phrases, or common passwords to guess the victim's password.

Web developers may choose to use HTML and CSS or a CMS.

A library management system allows users to register online. The registration form must collect user details and a secure PIN.

PIN requirements:

• Exactly 4 numeric digits.
• No repeated digits (e.g. 1123 is invalid).
• No letters or special characters.

An Australian toy manufacturing company has recently been established, with offices around the country.

Toy manufacturing is subject to strict environmental, workplace health and safety, national and international regulatory frameworks, enforced by the agency AusToy.

A popular social media platform has recently suffered a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack, leading to significant user data breaches and a loss of public trust.